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Computing Devices II (20th to Date) for SS1

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Computing Devices II (20th to Date) for SS1 ENAIC ENIAC ( Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the first electronic general- purpose computer. ENIAC used a word of 10 decimal digits instead of binary digits. It was designed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert of the University of Pennsylvania, U.S. ENIAC was formally dedicated at the University of Pennsylvania on February 15, 1946 and was heralded as a "Giant Brain" by the press. It had a speed on the order of one thousand (10 3) times faster than that of electro-mechanical machines Components: By the end of its operation in 1955, ENIAC contained 17,468 vacuum tubes, 7200 crystal diodes, 1500 relays, 70,000 resistors, 10,000 capacitors and approximately 5,000,000 hand-soldered joints. It weighed more than 30 short tons was roughly 2.4m × 0.9m × 30m (8 × 3 × 100 feet) in size, occupied 167m 2 (1800 ft 2) and consumed 150 kW of electricity. This power requirement led to the rumor that whenever the computer was sw
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BASIC Programming Language for SS1

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BASIC Programming Language for SS1 BASIC stands for Beginners All-purposed Symbolic Instruction Code. It was developed in 1964 by Professor John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz to teach students at Dartmouth College. It has undergone series of historical development, which has resulted in several forms of the language. Versions of BASIC 1. BASICA 2. GWBASIC 3. Torbo BASIC 4. Quick BASIC 5. VB.NET BASIC CHARACTER SET 1. Alphabetic Characters – A to Z 2. Numeric Character – 0 to 9 3. Special Characters – 0 + % ^ # = ( ) etc BASIC VARIABLES A variable is a quantity that changes during the execution of a program. It can also be defined as a name that is used to represent some storage location. Types of Variable 1. Numeric Variables : These are used to store numeric values such as 23, 98, etc. There are two major types of numeric variables, which are; Integer variable and real variable a. Integers are whole numbers without decimal places. b. Real numbers are numbers with decimal places Hence Integ
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Computing Devices I ( Pre-Computer to 19th Century) for SS1

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Computing Devices I ( Pre-Computer to 19th Century) for SS1 Man has put every effort to have better method of calculations. As a result of man’s search for fast and accurate calculating devices, the computer was developed. 19 th Century Device Some of the 19 th century devices are: Abacus, Napier’s bones, Pascal’s calculator, Leibniz multiplier Jacquard’s Loom, Charles Babbage’s engine, Hollerith Census machine and Borrough’s machine. Abacus The first calculating device was probably the Abacus. The Chinese invented it. Components: It is made up of frame divided into two parts by a horizontal bar and vertical threads. Each thread contains some beads. It is known as Soroban in Japan and Suan Pan in china. Uses : to do simple addition and subtraction Napier’s Bone : In 1617 an eccentric (peculiar, unusual person) Scotsman mathematician named John Napier invented Logarithm which is a technology that allows multiplication to be performed via addition. Components : A set of eleven rods, wit
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Computer Ethics for JSS 2

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Computer Ethics for JSS 2 Definition of Computer Ethics Ethics is a set of moral principles that govern the behavior of a group or individual. Computer ethics can be defined as the set of moral principles that regulate the use of computers. Responsible use of Computer and Internet The following are the basic security measures taken to prevent damage to computer system. 1. There must be adequate ventilation. 2. Adequate space must be allowed between each system unit. 3. Avoid dust by using cover. 4. Avoid moisture. 5. Provision of air conditioners and fans or other cooling machines. 6. Provision of UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) and other electrical appliances to avoid loss of information and electrical damage to the system. 7. Adequate care must be taken to storage devices like diskettes, flash drive, CD/DVD writer drive, etc. 8. Disallow an unauthorized user from having access to your computer. 9. Ensure maximum security to files and information on the computer. 10. Provide comput
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