Femtech Information Technology

Internet Search Engines for JSS3 A computer network consists of a collection of computers, printers and other equipment that are connected together so that they can communicate with each other. It is also defined as a group of two or more computer systems linked together. Types of Network 1. Personal Area Network (PAN ):  It refers to interconnection of information technology devices or gadgets within the environment of an individual user typically within 10 meters. 2. Local Area Network (LAN): A local area network is a computer network covering a small local area, like a home, office, or school. 3. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN):  MANs are large computer network usually spanning a large campus. 4. Wide Area Network (WAN):  WAN is a computer network covering a broad geographical area. 5. Internet . i. The internet is a worldwide network of computers that share information. ii. The internet is a global telecommunication system that provides connectivity for millions of computers far a

COMPUTER VIRUS FOR JSS3 Definition of Virus 1. A computer virus is a small software program that interferes with computer operation and spreads from one computer to another. 2. A virus is a self replicating program that copies itself and that can infect other programs by modifying them or their environment such that a call to an infected programs implies a call to a virus 3. Computer viruses are executable computer programs written by software developers to check piracy on some of their system and application software. The History of Computer Virus Robert Thomas, an engineer at BBN Technologies developed the first known computer virus in the year 1971. The first virus was christened as the “Creeper” virus, and the experimental program carried out by Thomas infected mainframes on ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network). The teletype message displayed on the screens read, “I’m the creeper: Catch me if you can.” But the original wild computer virus, probably the first one to b

Computer Career Opportunities for JSS3 Computer Professionals Definition : Computer professionals are the individuals that have obtained sufficient education and training in the field of computers and earn their livelihood from their chosen profession. Computer professionals and their functions are discussed below. COMPUTER PROFESSIONALS DUTIES/FUNCTIONS 1. Database Administrator   1. Creates, updates and manages databases 2. Controls and implements database security, database recovery and control. 2. Systems Analyst  1. Carries out feasibility studies on systems and systems design 2. Recommends systems specification to the Programmer. 3. Liaise between the user and the Programmer 3. Programmer  1. Writes codes/instructions for the computer. 4. Network Administrator   1. Sets up, oversees and coordinates the smooth functioning of the computer Network. 2. Provides network support services to the users. 5. Website Developers/Designers/Administrator  1. Designs, develops, updates and main

Spreadsheets for JSS3 Definition of Spreadsheet 1. A Spread sheet application is a large sheet having data and information arranged in rows and columns 2. Spreadsheet is application software that tracks, analyzes, and charts numeric information. 3. A spreadsheet is an interactive computer application program for organization, analysis and storage of data in tabular form 4. Spreadsheet is a computer program or software which allows calculation to be carried out on several cells that have numbers Example of Spreadsheet 1. iWork Numbers – Apple Office Suite 2. Lotus 1-2-3 3. OpenOffice – Calc 4. Lotus Symphony – Spreadsheets 5. Microsoft Excel 6. VisiCalc Application Areas of Spreadsheet 1. Accounting. 2. Statistical calculations. 3. Preparation of student results. 4. Obtaining tax estimation 5. Preparation of daily sales Spreadsheet Terms and Features 1. Absolute Cell Reference : An absolute cell reference is one that does not change when it is copied. To make a cell reference abso

Database for JSS3 Definition of Database 1. A database is a collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval and uses of data. 2. A database is a collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated. 3. A database is an organized collection of data. In a manual database, data can be recorded on paper and stored in a filing cabinet. While in a computerized database, it is stored in an electronic format on a storage media. DBMS (Data Base Management System) is the application software that controls the data in the database. Examples of DBMS packages are: Dbase, Rbase, MS Access, Oracle, Paradox, SQL Server, SyBase, FOXPRO, IDMS, and System 2000. Database Terminologies 1. Field : Field is a single piece of information about and object. A is also defined as a space that holds specific parts of data from a set or a record. Examples of fields are NAME, ADDRESS, QUANTITY, AGE, etc. 2. Record : A record is a collection of fi

Digital Divide for JSS3        Old Economy Versus New Economy 1. Slower and linear 1. Fast and unpredictable 2. Local competition 2. Global hyper competition 3. Automation and mechanization 3. Information and communication technology 4. Limited learning skills required 4. Continuous learning skills required 5. Capital intensive 5. Knowledge and people capabilities 6. Covers small area 6. Covers large area  The Concept of Digital Divide The present age is referred to as a digital age. It is called a digital age because the current global economy is driven by a digital device known as the computer. The computer represents data and instructions in 0s and 1s called binary codes, hence, it is known as a digital device. One of the reasons of inventing the computer is to reduce the world to a global village. To achieve this, everyone most have access to a computer (mobile phone, laptop, etc.) and internet connectivity. But this is not the case. Some have full access to information and commun

Units of Storage in Computer for JSS2 Data can be stored in the computer through several methods using varying electronic components. Some these components include: Hard disk, Compact disk, Flash drive, Floppy disk, Random Access Memory (RAM), etc. Some units of storage in computer include: Bit : The Smallest Unit of data on a binary computer. A single bit consist of 0 (zero) or 1 (one). Nibble : A nibble is a collection of four bits. Bytes : A byte consists of eight bits. It is the smallest item that can be individually accessed by a program. Word : A word is a group of 16 bits Others are; Name Symbol size Approximate size Kilobyte KB 1024 B 1000 B Megabyte MB 1024 KB 1000 KB Gigabyte GB 1024 MB 1000 MB Terabyte TB 1024 GB 1000 GB Petabyte PB 1024 TB 1000 TB Exabyte EB 1024 PB 1000 PB Zettabyte ZB 1024 EB 1000 EB Yottabyte YB 1024 ZB 1000 ZB Conversion from one Unit to another The conversion process from one unit to another can be done using the following standard table. 1 bit = 0

BASIC PROGRAMMING FOR JSS2 Origin of and Features of BASIC BASIC stands for Beginner’s All-purposed Symbolic Instruction Code. It was developed in 1960 by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz to teach students at Dartmouth College. It has undergone series of historical development, which has resulted in several forms of the language. BASIC is now in form of VB.NET (Visual Basic.Net). The majority of BASIC languages use program translators called interpreters to allow the computer understand and obey the BASIC statements in the computer program. Examples of such interpreters are: 1. BASICA 2. GwBASIC 3. Turbo BASIC 4. Quick BASIC BASIC Character Set 1. Alphabetic Characters – A to Z 2. Numeric Character – 0 to 9 3. Special Characters – 0 + % ^ # = ( ) etc. BASIC Arithmetic Expressions BASIC symbols used to perform arithmetic operations are: Operation BASIC Symbol Addition + Subtraction - Multiplication * Division / Exponentiation ^ Every arithmetic expression must appear on a single line. There

Computer Problem Solving Skills for JSS2 Concept of Computer Program and Programming Language If you want a computer to solve a given problem, you need a computer program. A computer program is a sequence of related instruction (command) that tell the computer how to accomplish a specific task. A program can also be defined as a set of instruction that is executed by the CPU. Programming Programming is the act of writing computer program. A computer program are written by trained and qualify people called programmer. Computer Programming Language A computer programming language is the language used to write instructions (commands) for the computer. Programming language is a means through which programmer communicate with the computer in solving different categories of problems. It consists of a set of rules governing how the words in the language should be written (syntax) and the meaning associated with each word (semantic). Types of Programming Language Computer language fall into