Operating System for JSS2

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Operating System for JSS2

Definition of an Operating System

i. An operating system (OS) is system software that manages the hardware and software resources of the computer.
ii. An operating system is the software that controls the overall activity of a computer.
iii. The term operating system (OS) denotes the collection of program that act as an interface between the user’s program and the computer hardware.
The main purpose of the operating system is to effectively and judiciously manage the computer system resources, such as processors, main memory, secondary storage, input and output devices and files.

Examples of Operating System
Examples of commonly used operating system include:
a. DOS (Disk Operating System)
b. Windows (95, 98, 2000, NT, ME, XP, 7, 8, 10)
c. Unix
d. Linux
e. Mac
f. IOS
g. Android

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Types of operating System

i. Real-time operating system (RTOS) - A Real Time Operating System, is an operating system that rapidly switches between tasks. Real-time operating systems are used to control machinery, scientific instruments and industrial systems.
ii. Single-user, single task - As the name implies, this operating system is designed to manage the computer so that one user can effectively do one thing at a time.
iii. Single-user, multi-tasking - - As the name implies, this operating system is designed to manage the computer so that one user can effectively do more than one thing at a time.
iv. Multi-user - A multi-user operating system allows many different users to take advantage of the computer's resources simultaneously.
v. Distributed - A distributed operating system manages a group of independent computers and makes them appear to be a single computer.

Functions of Operating System

Functions of the operating system include:
1. Starting of the computer:
When we switch on a computer, the necessary files of the operating system get loaded to make it ready to accept command. This process of loading files is called booting. The operating system boots up the operating system
2. Resource allocation:
The operating system allocates or assigns resources.
3. Monitoring of system activities:
Another function of the operating system is to monitor the system activities such as system performance and security.
4. Disk and file management:
The operating system contains program that performs functions related to disk or file management. Some of these functions are: disk formatting, deleting files, creating files and folders, renaming of files and copying files or folders.
5. User interface:
The operating system creates an interface between the user and other application program. A user interface controls how the user interacts with the computer. An example of user interface is the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and Text User Interface (TUI) also known as command line interface

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