Information Transmission for JSS1

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Information Transmission

Definition of Information Transmission

Information Transmission is the process of sending out processed data from one person or place to another in a meaningful form through a communication medium. Human beings have been transmitting information since ancient times thus there are both ancient and modern means of transmitting information.

Ancient Methods of Transmitting Information

These are the methods used by our forefathers. They include the following:
a. Oral (Face to Face) Communication
This is a method whereby the sender (informant) meets with the receiver (recipient) face to face in order to pass information across.
b. Beating Drums
Drum beating is another way of transmitting information from the sender to the receiver. Drums are used to inform the Villagers of certain invents such as hunting, farming, death announcement e.t.c. Every event has its unique tune that the villagers can understand.
c. Smoke Signals
This method is used to pass information by bush burning to alert the people in the environment of the incoming danger.
d. Making representation
Information could be sent from one village to another with the use of representation. E.g. tying a cutlass with red cloth which will inform the receiver that something bad is coming, if proper attention is not taken.
e. Town Crier
Information was passed by town crier shouting the information repeatedly around the town.
f. Drawing diagrams
The diagram will be drawn on the walls or on the banks of trees. The messages are always understood by the person it was made for.
Modern Methods of Transmitting Information
With the development in technology, it is now possible to pass information straight to the audience. Ancient means of communication have been replaced by more efficient modern ones. Modern means of transmitting information include:
a. Writing
Instead of making marks or using objects to communicate, in modern times, information can be transmitted by writing, which is done either by hand, or by using machines such as computers or typewriters.
b. Printing Machine
Printed materials are just like typewritten ones. Printing allows mass production of informative materials that could be spread far and wide e.g. production of invitation cards, handbills newspapers etc.
c. Radio
Voice information is broadcast to group of people in geographical location at the same time within few minutes.
d. Television
This is used to broadcast information in form of both voice and pictures to people in different location.
e. Internet
This means international network, information in this case is globally broadcast to the whole world for those that have interest in updating themselves.
f. Fax
This transmit text and graphic messages from one location to the other, it might be within the country or outside the country with the use of series of numbers called fax number.
g. Telephone
Telephone allows people’s voices to be transmitted over long or short distances.
h. Telex
A telex machine is used to transmit textual information from one person to another usually over a long distance.
i. Satellite
A satellite is an object which has been placed into the orbit by human endeavor in other to improve sending radio, telephone and internet signals to any part of the world. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellite to distinguish from natural satellite such as moon.
j. GSM
GSM means Global System for Mobile Communication. We use this to send and receive phone calls. One benefit of GSM phone is the addition of SIM card or Subscriber Identification Module.


Classification of means of transmitting information
Both ancient and the modern means of transmitting information can be classified under Electronic and Non-Electronic. Those that involve the use of electronics include prints, telephone, Radio, Television, Fax, Satellite, Internet and GSM.
Those that do not involves the use of electronic include Oral, Beating of drums, Fire lighting, whistling, drawing diagrams and making representation.

Modes of Receiving Information
Messages can be received by three major ways. These include:
i. Audio
ii. Visual
iii. Audio-visual
Audio : This is a mode of communication where data are received via sound or voice without seeing the pictures. E.g. through Radio, Telephone, Beating of drums, Town crying (except the town crier is closer) etc
Visual: This is a mode of receiving information through prints or pictures alone without sound or voice e.g. prints, Drawings, Computer printers, Telex, fax machines etc
Audio-visual : This is a mode of receiving information in both visual and audio form; i.e. both hearing sound and voice, and seeing pictures. E.g. Television, Oral, etc.

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